The use of phosphate fertilizers requires attention and caution.

Published:

2022-08-31

Phosphate fertilizer is an indispensable thing for crop growth. Phosphate fertilizer can bring sufficient phosphorus elements to crops, which can make crops grow better. Let me introduce the correct use of phosphate fertilizer.

　　(1) According to the phosphorus supply capacity of the soil, master the reasonable amount of phosphorus fertilizer. The content of available phosphorus in soil is the main factor determining the efficiency of phosphorus fertilizer. Generally, when soil available phosphorus (P) is less than 5 mg/kg, it is a serious phosphorus deficiency, and the application ratio of phosphorus fertilizer should be about 1:1; when the available phosphorus (P) content is 5-10 mg/kg, it is phosphorus deficiency, and phosphorus fertilizer application The ratio is about 1:0.5; when the available phosphorus (P) content is 10-15 mg/kg, it is a mild phosphorus deficiency, and phosphorus fertilizer can be applied less or every other year. When the available phosphorus (P) content is greater than 15 mg/kg, it is considered that there is no shortage of phosphorus, and the application of phosphorus fertilizer can be temporarily suspended.

　　(2) Master the rational distribution of phosphorus fertilizer in crop rotation. In paddy field rotation, such as continuous rice-rice cropping, in paddy fields that are relatively phosphorus-deficient, the distribution ratio of phosphorus fertilizer to early and late rice is 2:1; in paddy fields that are not too phosphorus-deficient, all phosphorus fertilizers can be applied to early rice. In upland rice rotation, phosphate fertilizer should be applied to dry crops first. In dryland rotation, due to the low temperature in winter and autumn, the soil phosphorus release is less, while the summer temperature is high, the soil phosphorus release is more, so the phosphorus fertilizer should be mainly used for autumn crops. For example, when wheat and corn are rotated, phosphate fertilizer is mainly used as base fertilizer on wheat, and corn uses its after-effects. When legume crops and food crops are rotated, phosphorus fertilizer is applied to legume crops to promote their nitrogen fixation and achieve the purpose of increasing nitrogen with phosphorus.

　　(3) Pay attention to the application method. Phosphate fertilizers are easily fixed by the soil after being applied to the soil, and the mobility of phosphate fertilizers in the soil is poor, which are the reasons for the low utilization rate of phosphate fertilizers in the season. In order to improve its fertilizer efficiency, ditching strip application and hole application can be used in dry land; concentrated application methods such as dipping seedling roots and plugging seedlings can be used in paddy fields. At the same time, pay attention to the application of upper and lower layers when making basic application to meet the demand for phosphorus in the seedling and middle and late stages of crops.

　　(4) Combined application of organic fertilizer, nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, etc. After composting with organic fertilizer, it can significantly improve the fertilizer efficiency of phosphate fertilizer. However, when it is used in combination with nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer, etc., a reasonable ratio should be mastered. The specific ratio should be determined according to the test results of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients in the soil and the type of crops.

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The use of phosphate fertilizers requires attention and caution.

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